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: | position = Centre-left to Left-wing | national = With the strength of the people | international = São Paulo Forum, Progressive Alliance〔http://progressive-alliance.info/participants/〕 | blank1_title = TSE Identification Number | blank1 = 13 | seats1_title = Seats in the Chamber of Deputies | seats1 = | seats2_title = Seats in the Senate | seats2 = | seats3_title = Governors | seats3 = | seats4_title = Seats in State Assemblies〔(Convocação: Dia Nacional de Mobilização Dilma Presidente 27 DE OUTUBRO ), Secretaria de cultura do PT-DF, October 22, 2010〕〔()〕 | seats4 = | seats5_title = Local Government〔 | seats5 = | seats6_title = City councillors〔 | seats6 = | colours = Red | website = (www.pt.org.br ) | country = Brazil }} The Workers' Party ((ポルトガル語:Partido dos Trabalhadores), PT) is a left-wing political party in Brazil. Launched in 1980, it is one of the largest left-wing movements of Latin America. It governs at the federal level in a coalition government with several other parties since January 1, 2003. After the 2010 parliamentary election, PT became the largest party in the Chamber of Deputies and the second largest in the Federal Senate for the first time ever.〔 ("PT elege maior bancada na Câmara e a segunda do Senado" ). ''JusBrasil''. October 5, 2010.〕 Lula, the President with the highest approval rating in the history of the country, is PT's most prominent member.〔Rabello, Maria Luiza. ("Lula's Chosen Heir Surges in Brazil Presidential Poll" ). ''Business Week''. February 1, 2010.〕 His successor, Dilma Rousseff, is also a member of PT; she took office on January 1, 2011. The party's symbols are the red flag with a white star in the center; the five-pointed red star, inscribed with the initials "PT" in the center; and the Workers Party's anthem.〔( Hino do PT – Workers' Party of Brazil )〕 Workers' Party's TSE (Supreme Electoral Court) Identification Number is 13. Both born from the opposition to the military dictatorship, Worker's Party (PT) and the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) are since the mid-1990s the biggest adversaries in contemporary Brazilian politics, with their candidates finishing either first or second on the ballot on the last six presidential elections. Both parties generally prohibit any kind of coalition or official cooperation with each other. ==History== The Workers' Party was launched by a heterogeneous group made up of militants opposed to Brazil's military government, trade unionists, left-wing intellectuals and artists, and Catholics linked to the liberation theology,〔Samuels, David. ("From Socialism to Social Democracy: Party Organization and The Transformation of the Workers’ Party in Brazil" ). ''Comparative Political Studies''. p. 3.〕 on February 10, 1980 at Colégio Sion in São Paulo, a private Catholic school for girls.〔 Agência Brasil. ("Saiba mais sobre a história do PT" ). Terra. June 24, 2006.〕 The party emerged as a result of the approach between the labor movements in the ABC Region – such as the Conferência das Classes Trabalhadoras (Conclat), which later developed into the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT) – which carried major strikes from 1978 to 1980, and the old Brazilian left-wing, whose proponents, many of whom were journalists, intellectuals, artists, and union organizers, were returning from exile with the 1979 Amnesty law, many of them having endured imprisonment and torture at the hands of the military regime〔()〕 in addition to years of exile.〔 Dilma Rousseff herself was imprisoned and tortured by the dictatorship.〔http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/05/world/americas/president-rousseffs-decades-old-torture-detailed.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0〕 The party was launched under a democratic socialism trend.〔 ("Manifesto aprovado na reunião do Sion" ). April 24, 2006. Fundação Perseu Abramo.〕 After the 1964 coup d'état, Brazil's main federation of labor unions, the General Command of Workers (''Comando Geral dos Trabalhadores'' – CGT) — which since its formation gathered leaders approved by the Ministry of Labour, a practice tied to the fact that since the Vargas dictatorship, unions had become quasi-state organs —,was dissolved, while unions themselves suffered intervention of the military regime. The resurgence of an organized labour movement, evidenced by strikes in the ABC Region on the late 1970s led by Lula, enabled the reorganization of the labour movement without the direct interference of the State. The movement originally sought to act exclusively in union politics, but the survival of a conservative unionism under the domination of the State (evidenced in the refoundation of CGT) and the influence exercised over the trade union movement by leaders of traditional left-wing parties, such as the Brazilian Communist Party, forced the unionist movement of ABC, encouraged by anti-Stalinist leaders, to organize its own party, in a strategy similar to that held by the Solidarność union movement in Poland. Therefore, the Workers' Party emerged rejecting the traditional leaders of official unionism, and seeking to put into practice a new form of democratic socialism, trying to reject political models it regarded as decaying, such as the Soviet and Chinese ones. It represented the confluence between unionism and anti-Stalinist intelligentsia. It was officially recognized as a party by the Brazilian Supreme Electoral Court on February 11, 1982.〔 (Political parties registered under the Supreme Electoral Court ). Tribunal Superior Eleitoral.〕 The first membership card belonged to art critic and former Trotskyst activist Mário Pedrosa, followed by literary scholar Antonio Candido, and historian Sérgio Buarque de Holanda.〔 OGASSAWARA, Juliana Sayuri. ("Onde estão os intelectuais brasileiros" ). ''Fórum''. São Paulo: Editora Publisher, May 2009. Page 20.〕 Holanda's daughter, Ana de Holanda, later became Minister of Culture in the Rousseff cabinet. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Workers' Party (Brazil)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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